SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus detection technology based on the CRISPR/Cas gene editing system
Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, CRISPR system, CRISPR/Cas, diagnostics, nucleic acidAbstract
Introduction: There is an immediate need to have a diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 in the care centers for patients with COVID-19, whose characteristics show high sensitivity and specificity, low costs and reduced detection times.
Objective: To describe the use of CRISPR-Cas systems for the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: The Google Scholar search engine was used and free access articles were consulted in the Pubmed, SciELO, LILACS, CUMED and HINARI databases from September 2020 to April 2021. The keywords used for this review were: “SARS-CoV-2”, “COVID-19”, “CRISPR system”, “CRISPR / Cas”, “diagnostics” and their equivalents in English, according to the Health Sciences descriptor (DeCS). Original, review articles, including systematic reviews, were considered. A total of 57 articles were reviewed.
Development: The platforms in development that use the adaptive immune system CRISPR-Cas such as SHERLOCK, STOP-Covid, DETECTR, AIOD-CRISPR, CARMEN, CONAN constitute molecular diagnostic tools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. They are advanced detection technologies that are being validated in clinical settings as viable rapid diagnostic and surveillance methods for this emerging infection because of their extensive early detection capabilities, being suitable for high throughput use, and having a low cost per test.
Conclusions: Expanding the sequencing capabilities of these platforms will allow us to track the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its mutations in real time with possible implications for the efficacy of future anti-COVID-19 vaccines and therapies.
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