COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, 2019nCOV, SARS, coronavirus, diabetes mellitusAbstract
Introduction: The first semester of 2020 has been affected by the expansion of a pandemic caused by the SARS coronavirus 2 virus, which causes a condition (COVID-19) that in some cases reaches acute respiratory distress syndrome and the death.
Objective: To identify the relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A review was performed, using bibliographic databases and search engines. In addition, compulsory reference literature on the subject was used, as well as information from official government websites, the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization and scientific societies.
Development: COVID-19 and diabetes represent two devastating pandemics with very different characteristics in terms of healthcare and financial burden, due to presentation (acute vs. chronic) and transmission (communicable vs. non-communicable), but they can be much more related than previously thought. Analyzed research shows the relationship between the history of diabetes mellitus and the negative evolutionary course in patients with COVID-19. Increased expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is suggested to facilitate infection with COVID-19. It is suggested not to use steroids, metformin, or sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors during illness and to use insulin.
Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus should be considered as a risk factor for rapid progression and a poor prognosis of COVID-19.
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