The Work of Primary Healthcare Nursing in Chile: Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Keywords:
nursing, health promotion, disease prevention, coronavirus infections, pandemics, ChileAbstract
Introduction: In Chile, population aging has led to an increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases, which has meant that nursing professionals have had to increase their promotion of healthy lifestyles through health promotion and prevention strategies. However, these have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective: To describe the health promotion and prevention actions carried out by nursing professionals from the Municipal Corporation of Viña del Mar, Chile, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, nonexperimental and cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2019. A questionnaire was administered to 57 nurses belonging to family and community health centers, complemented by a review of the state of the art on the COVID-19 pandemic. Publications between April 2020 and July 2021 were examined.
Results: Before the pandemic, most nurses participated in preventive rather than promotional programs, with low involvement in the epidemiological surveillance program. Their activities focused on individual intramural counseling, with a high percentage of topics, including chronic noncommunicable diseases. In addition, there was low participation in promotional activities, exacerbated by the current pandemic context.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that there are shortcomings in extramural and community nursing activities. The pandemic exacerbated this scenario by concentrating intramural activities toward a curative approach. This context weakens prevention and promotional actions that are key to achieving health and well-being.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Verónica Francisca Rubio Aguilar, Loreto De Lourdes Durán Ibaceta, Macarena Solagne Valladolid Rojas
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