Lifestyle, Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Cuban Older Adults in the face of COVID-19
Keywords:
older adults, anxiety, depression, lifestyle, COVID-19.Abstract
Introduction: Older adults make up the human group most affected by the disease produced by SARS-CoV-2 worldwide.
Objective: To describe, according to gender, lifestyle, anxiety and depression in Cuban older adults in the face of COVID-19 in the community.
Methods: A nonexperimental study was carried out with a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional design. A sample of 60 older adults was included, distributed into two groups of 30 members, according to gender, aged between 60 and 84 years, residents of Santa Clara, Cuba. The research was carried out from February 15 to June 16, 2021. A questionnaire, together with the Trait-State Anxiety and Trait-State Depression Inventories, was applied. The statistical analysis used the frequency distribution and the Mann Whitney U test contained in SPPS v.22.0.
Results: The school level of completed basic secondary school was predominant. 43 % of the women and 30 % of the men were identified to be widowed; also, a high proportion of them lived alone, were retired, had chronic diseases and reported considerable changes in lifestyle. Significant differences were found between manifestations of anxiety and depression as a trait and state among the studied groups.
Conclusions: Most of the studied sample has adequate information on COVID-19. The affectations in lifestyle and self-perception of mental health were more noticeable in women, who also reported the highest levels of anxiety and depression as a trait and as a state.
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